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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Underutilised Plant Species, Market Development and Livelihoods Improvement},pdfauthor={Alessandra Giuliani},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Agrobiodiversity maintenance, cultural diversity, market chain, market value, participatory approaches, poor livelihoods, underutilised and neglected plant species},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Underutilised Plant Species, Market Development and Livelihoods Improvement\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Alessandra Giuliani, Swiss College of Agriculture, Department for International Agriculture, Laengasse 85, 3052~Zollikofen, Switzerland, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{alessandra.giuliani@bfh.ch}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Alessandra Giuliani}}
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\item[]{\small{\textit{Swiss College of Agriculture, Department for International Agriculture, Switzerland}}}
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\index[author]{Giuliani, Alessandra}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Crop production has become based on a very limited number of plant species, becoming a threat for poor livelihoods and agrobiodiversity maintenance. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the uses, market value and market development of underutilised species, the role and level of involvement of actors in the market chains of these species and what interventions are needed to support rural livelihoods, while at the same time conserving agrobiodiversity. 



A portfolio of case studies was used to look at how market of underutilised species can sustain agrobiodiversity and livelihoods. Field studies focused on wild and cultivated desert and mountain shrubs, fruits and herbs in Syria, and ancient hulled wheats from mountain communities in Turkey. Market chain analysis, focus group discussions, household surveys, a multi"=stakeholder workshop were used to conduct the investigation. 



The species studied are grown, collected, processed and generally marketed locally. They are adapted to harsh environments, available to the resource poor and strongly bond to the local culture. Income generation is the main reason keeping the actors engaged in these activities. The market development is based on the chain actors' human capacities and traditional knowledge. Collective action is considered fundamental for facilitating access to markets. Many constraints hamper the development of the market potential of these species at various levels of the chain. The lack of market transparency, trust among actors, and poor market chain organisation is impeding the actors, in particular the most vulnerable ones from obtaining benefits. 



Research findings confirm the strategic role played by underutilised species in the livelihood strategies and demonstrate the importance of strengthening markets as a way to improve it. To increase the use and demand of these products there is a need to raise awareness about their uses and properties among both rural and urban dwellers. Interventions at production, marketing and policy levels to increase market potentials are recommended. Capacity building and knowledge sharing, reorganisation of market relationships, private sector partnerships and an enabling environment might help generate market value, serving the dual goals of supporting communities' livelihoods and maintaining agrobiodiversity.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Agrobiodiversity maintenance, cultural diversity, market chain, market value, participatory approaches, poor livelihoods, underutilised and neglected plant species
\index[key]{Agrobiodiversity maintenance}
\index[key]{Cultural diversity}
\index[key]{Market!chain}
\index[key]{Market!value}
\index[key]{Participatory!approaches}
\index[key]{Poor livelihoods}
\index[key]{Underutilized and neglected plant species}
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