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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Effects of Electric Fields on Increased Germination and Parameters of Canola Growth},pdfauthor={Panahi Mehdi, Gholam Ali Akbari},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Canola seed, electric field, germination, seed yield and yield components},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Effects of Electric Fields on Increased Germination and Parameters of Canola Growth\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Panahi Mehdi, Zanjan University, Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran, Iran, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{Panahi40@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Panahi Mehdi$^{1}$, Gholam Ali Akbari$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Zanjan University, Faculty of Agriculture, Iran}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Tehran University, Department of Agronomy, University College Aboureihan, }}}
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\index[author]{Mehdi, Panahi}
\index[author]{Akbari, Gholam Ali}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Regarding highly significant and positive effects of electric and magnetic fields on crops growth, necessity of further studies on this issue seems to be considerable. The main goal of current research is to determine effects of electric fields on seed yield, yield components and some physiological qualities of canola in laboratory and field conditions. These tests were launched as fragmented plots plan according to random total blocks with 3 replications and 25 treatments. The major factor included seeds exposure duration in electric fields (0, 15, 45, 80, 150 seconds), and minor factor included electric field intensity (0, 2, 4, 9, and \unitfrac[14]{Kilovolt}{Centimeter}). Results obtained from these tests were analysed based on comparisons made between seeds treated under an electric field and non"=treated (proof) seeds. In these tests, for two seeds with vigour of \mbox{38\,\%} and \mbox{80\,\%}, seed yield and yield components of canola were studied under field conditions, and percentage of germination, speed of germination, seedling length, vigour index, normal seeds, abnormal seeds and expired seeds were studied under laboratory conditions. Results showed that electric field intensity has a very meaningful effect on canola seeds, compared to proof treatment. Electric field intensity during different time periods had positive effect on germination qualities in seeds with low vigour, and negative effect on seeds with high vigour. Furthermore, inspected qualities showed significant increase in field conditions compared to proof. For inspected specifications under field conditions, best results were achieved in electric field intensity of \unitfrac[9]{KV}{Cm}. within 80 seconds exposure time. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Canola seed, electric field, germination, seed yield and yield components
\index[key]{Canola seed}
\index[key]{Electric field}
\index[key]{Germination}
\index[key]{Seed!yield and yield components}
\end{document}