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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Trend of Physiological Growth Indices of Three Grain Sorghum Cultivars Affected by Sowing Date},pdfauthor={Nasrein Taghikhani, Marzieh Safari, Majid Aghaalikhani},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Grain sorghum, Growing degree date and functional approach    , Growth curves, Sowing date},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Trend of Physiological Growth Indices of Three Grain Sorghum Cultivars Affected by Sowing Date\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Majid Aghaalikhani, Tarbiat Modares University, Agronomy, Jalal-Ale Ahmad, Nasr Bridge, 1411713116~Tehran, Iran, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{maghaalikhani@modares.ac.ir}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Nasrein Taghikhani, Marzieh Safari, Majid Aghaalikhani}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Tarbiat Modares University, Agronomy, Iran}}}
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\index[author]{Taghikhani, Nasrein}
\index[author]{Safari, Marzieh}
\index[author]{Aghaalikhani, Majid}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
     In order to investigate sowing date effect on  physiological growth indices of three grain sorghum cultivar, an experiment was conducted at research field of Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, during 2009 growing season. Treatments were arranged in split"=plot layout based on randomised complete blocks with four replications. In this research sowing date in three levels (8\textsuperscript{th} June, 28\textsuperscript{th} June and 18\textsuperscript{th} July) were considered as main plots and grain sorghum cultivar in three levels (Payam, Sepideh and Kimia) were arranged in sub plots. By means of measurement of dry weight and leaf area during several sampling in growing season of sorghum, some important physiological growth indices including Total Dry Matter (TDM), Crop Growth Rate (CGR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) estimated and calculated using functional approach. Results showed that delayed sowing date reduced sorghum dry weight accumulation. CGR trend was directly related to dry weight accumulation, so that Sepideh cultivar in first sowing date was obtained highest amount of growth rate and dry matter but dry matter increment in this cultivar in first sowing date was caused increasing in dry weight panicle (biological part). Relative growth rate of all cultivars in second sowing date had highest amount. Results in case of interaction between LAI and NAR  showed although Payam cultivar had earned  lower leaf area index, NAR in this cultivar was superior, finally it was taken average amount of CGR. Sepideh cultivar that was taken the average amount of NAR and LAI so that was showed the higher amount of CGR. Therefore obtaining the highest amounts of CGR and RGR in second sowing date (28 th June) could be introduced as the mechanism of superior grain yield (\unitfrac[6777.2]{kg}{ha}) and harvest index (\mbox{48.75\,\%}) in Sepideh cultivar.    }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Grain sorghum, Growing degree date and functional approach    , Growth curves, Sowing date
\index[key]{Grain sorghum}
\index[key]{Growing degree date and functional approach    }
\index[key]{Growth!curves}
\index[key]{Sowing date}
\end{document}