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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Enhancing Lead Phytoextraction of Land Cress (Barbara Verna) Using Apcas},pdfauthor={Babaeian Ebrahim, Mehdi Homaee, Raziye Aghajani},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={, EDTA, Land cress , Lead, NTA, Oxalic Acid, Phytoextraction},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Enhancing Lead Phytoextraction of Land Cress (Barbara Verna) Using Apcas\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Babaeian Ebrahim, Tarbiat Modares University, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Chmran Aveneu, Tehran, Iran, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{e_babaeian@midares.ac.ir}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Babaeian Ebrahim$^{1}$, Mehdi Homaee$^{2}$, Raziye Aghajani$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Tarbiat Modares University, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Iran}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Tarbiat Modares University, Soil Science Department, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Tarbiat Modares University, Soil Science Department, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Ebrahim, Babaeian}
\index[author]{Homaee, Mehdi}
\index[author]{Aghajani, Raziye}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{




Abstract







Enhancing phytoextraction with aminopolycarboxilic acid (APCAs) associated with fast growing and metal tolerant plants species has been proposed for cleaning"=up heavy metal contaminated soils. The term "enhanced phytoextraction" commonly refers to the application of a chemical additive to contaminated soil in order to increase the metal uptake by plants. In this study, three aminopolycarboxilic acid (APCAs) including EDTA, NTA and Ox.A in different rates were applied to boost the induced phytoextraction of Pb from contaminated soil. Lead was applied as Pb(NO$_{3}^{}$)2 at the rates of 10.5, 310.5and 810.5 mg kg$^{-1}$ soil to contaminate the experimental soils. When plants were fully developed, the chelates were applied in the rates of 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 mmol kg$^{-1}$ soil. The obtained results indicated that EDTA was more effective than NTA and HOx in solublizing Pb in the soil.  Pb solubility in soil and its subsequent accumulation in shoots were markedly enhanced by applying EDTA. At the highest applied rate (10 mmol EDTA kg$^{-1}$ soil), the water"=extractable Pb was increased 463-folds. Compared to the no chelate treatments, all chelating agents, particularly EDTA, were efficiently increased the Pb uptake by land cress. The highest Pb content in the shoot (1075 mg Pb kg$^{-1}$) was observed in 10 mmol EDTA kg$^{-1}$ soil when Pb level was 800 mg Pb kg$^{-1}$. The maximum Pb leaching potential index (0.96) from soil occurred in 2.5 mmol EDTA kg$^{-1}$ soil treatment. It may be concluded that land cress (Barbarea verna) can take up high amount of Pb and translocate it in its shoots. Thus, it can be introduced as a hyperaccumulator plant to phytoextract Pb from contaminated soils. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} , EDTA, Land cress , Lead, NTA, Oxalic Acid, Phytoextraction
\index[key]{}
\index[key]{EDTA}
\index[key]{Land!cress }
\index[key]{Lead}
\index[key]{NTA}
\index[key]{Oxalic Acid}
\index[key]{Phytoextraction}
\end{document}