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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus Aureus in Rabbits},pdfauthor={Sanaa Yagoub, Thoriya Abdel Gadir},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Antibiotics treatment, histopathological changes, Infective dose, Staphylococcus aureus},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{The Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus Aureus in Rabbits\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Sanaa Yagoub, El Neelain University, Animal Production, El Baladia Street, Khartoum, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{soyagoub08@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Sanaa Yagoub$^{1}$, Thoriya Abdel Gadir$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$El Neelain University, Animal Production, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$El Neelain University, Microbiology and Microbial Technologies, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Yagoub, Sanaa}
\index[author]{Abdel Gadir, Thoriya}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Seven groups of rabbits were inoculated by different doses of \textit{Staphylococcus aureus} between 15\,$\times$\,10\textsuperscript{5}--50$\times$10\textsuperscript{10}\,{cfu}\,{ml}\textsuperscript{-1}. Two of these groups were run as untreated groups receiving 3$\times$ 10\textsuperscript{6} and 50$\times$10\textsuperscript{10}\,{cfu}\,{ml}\textsuperscript{-1}, fifth groups received treatment by different doses of   oxytetracycline or gentamicin at the inoculation time or after 24 hours from inoculation. The eighth group was inoculated by sterile normal saline and considered as control, this group showed absence of mortality and pathological lesions . The mortality rate in the untreated  groups; that inoculated by 50$\times$10\textsuperscript{10}, showed \mbox{100\,\%} within 24 hours from inoculation , liver congestion ,urine retention and abscess formation were observed. The \textit{Staphylococcus aureus} was reisolated from  majority of organs, histopathological changes were detected. Rabbits that inoculated with 3$\times$10\textsuperscript{6}\,cfu\,ml\textsuperscript{-1} survived till one week. The bacterium was isolated from all organs. Muscle necrosis at the site of inoculation, detachment of the tubular epithelial cells and glomerular alteration were observed.



Rabbits  inoculated by 15$\times$10\textsuperscript{5}\,cfu\,ml\textsuperscript{-1}  and 3$\times$10\textsuperscript{6}\,cfu\,ml\textsuperscript{-1} and received treatment by \unitfrac[0.5]{mg}{kg} oxytetracycline at the time of inoculation, during five days, no mortality was occurred in these two groups . Negative isolation of the bacterium from all organs was observed. The histopathological examination showed muscle emphysema and necrosis .



Rabbits inoculated by 3$\times$10\textsuperscript{6} and received treatment after 24 hours from inoculation by 0.5\,{mg}\,{kg}\textsuperscript{-1} gentamicin showed mortality rate of \mbox{50\,\%} at the first and second weeks. All organs revealed negative isolation of the bacterium . Congestion of the muscular blood vessels at the site of inoculation and fatty cytoplasm vacculation of the hepatocytes with lymphocytic accumulation were detected in this group.



Rabbits that inoculated with 50$\times$10\textsuperscript{10} ; was treated by 0.25\,{mg}\,{kg}\textsuperscript{-1} body weight oxytetracycline, or 0.6\,{mg}\,{kg}\textsuperscript{-1} gentamicin,  the mortality rate was \mbox{100\,\%} at 96 hours and  48 hours respectively. Positive isolation of the bacterium from most of the internal organs was detected, pathological lesions at liver, lungs, kidneys, intestine and muscles. Congestion and haemorrhage of the heart were observed on rabbit treated with gentamicin but not detected in the group that treated with oxytetracycline.



}

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\end{abstract}
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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Antibiotics treatment, histopathological changes, Infective dose, \textit{Staphylococcus aureus}
\index[key]{Antibiotics treatment}
\index[key]{Histopathological changes}
\index[key]{Infective dose}
\index[key]{Staphylococcus aureus@\textit{Staphylococcus aureus}}
\end{document}