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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Factors Affecting the Use of Pest Control Measures on Sorghum Plant among Small Scale Farmers in Kweneng South Extension District of Botswana},pdfauthor={Stephen Kayode Subair},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Agriculture, competencies, field Practical Training, students},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Factors Affecting the Use of Pest Control Measures on Sorghum Plant among Small Scale Farmers in Kweneng South Extension District of Botswana\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Stephen Kayode Subair, University of Botswana, Botswana College of Agriculture, Agricultural Extension and Education, Private Bag 0027 Gaborone, Gaborone, Botswana, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ssksubair@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Stephen Kayode Subair}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{University of Botswana, Botswana College of Agriculture, Agricultural Extension and Education, Botswana}}}
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\index[author]{Subair, Stephen Kayode}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
This was a descriptive survey aimed at describing the effectiveness of BCA students on acquisitions of farming competencies as a result of participating in the Field Practical Training (FPT) programme, a 300 and 400 level core courses offered respectively by BSc. Agriculture students. Survey questionnaires were used to collect data from the BCA students who participated in the FPT training programme in June 2008, Lists of participating students was obtained from the BCA FPT Coordinator. This helped to control frame error in the research because the actual lists were obtained. A convenient sample of 71 students participated in the study; it was a convenient sample because those who participated were those who could attend the data collection meeting between the students and the researchers. The instruments for data collection was developed with the help of literature review coupled with the list of competencies developed by each of BCA's academic Departments. The instruments were divided into two domains satisfy the objectives of the study. The first domain for the instrument generated data on personal characteristics of the students.



The second domain generated data on the level of agricultural production competencies that students had before and after participating in the FPT. The levels of competency were measured by asking students to indicate their perceived levels of competence in performing specific agricultural production tasks. The listed tasks were related to the list of competencies that students supposedly acquired from the College courses and from the cooperating farms.



Competence in performing the tasks was measured using a likert"=type rating scale with the following categories: 4 = very competent; 3 = competent; 2 = slightly competent and 1 = not competent. The students were also asked to indicate the extent to which they thought they had learnt farm operations skills from the FPT programme. prior to the data collection process, the survey questionnaire was submitted to four BCA academic staff, one from each BCA department, for content validity. Data analysis revealed among others, that out of the 49 agricultural practical skills examined, students reported that their level of competency changed from not competent to competent after undergoing the FPT programme in 26 out of the 49 agricultural practical skills. The highest two changes took place in the practical skills of conducting pregnancy diagnosis among livestock (mean: 1.0--4.1) and assisting in dystocia cases (mean1.2 --- 4.0. This shows that the FPT programme influenced the change in competency levels  of students from not competent to competent in \mbox{53\,\%} of the practical skills examined.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Agriculture, competencies, field Practical Training, students
\index[key]{Agriculture}
\index[key]{Competencies}
\index[key]{Field Practical Training}
\index[key]{Students}
\end{document}