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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Profitability and Efficiency of Shrimp Farmers in Bangladesh},pdfauthor={Sadika Haque, Siegfried Bauer, Mahbub Hossain},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Function, efficiency, inefficiency, profitability, shrimp},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Profitability and Efficiency of Shrimp Farmers in Bangladesh\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Sadika Haque, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Farm and Agribusiness Management, Senkenbergstr. 3, 35390~Giessen, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{sadikahaque@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Sadika Haque$^{1}$, Siegfried Bauer$^{2}$, Mahbub Hossain$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Farm and Agribusiness Management, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Institute of Farm and Agribusiness Management, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Bangladesh Agricultural University, Department of Agricultural Economics, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Haque, Sadika}
\index[author]{Bauer, Siegfried}
\index[author]{Hossain, Mahbub}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Shrimp culture brought a significant economic revolution in Bangladesh. But recently, many shrimp farmers are experiencing negative profit and a decline in living conditions and economic losses. So in present situation, profitability and efficiency of shrimp farmers needs to be analysed. It is well known that in the case of technically efficient farmers, production can be increased by substituting existing technology with more advanced technology. 



To address the above mentioned issues, data were collected from 185 coastal farmers from the south"=west part of Bangladesh. Gini coefficient was found 0.475 which implies large inequality in income. Farmers were categorised as small"=medium-large and head ender"=tail. Among all farmers, \mbox{40\,\%}, \mbox{32\,\%} and \mbox{28\,\%} farmers were small, medium and large and they owned \mbox{3\,\%}, \mbox{9\,\%} and \mbox{88\,\%} lands respectively. It was also found that water exchange is very critical for tail enders and farm size was increasing for large and head enders since last few years.



Shrimp is very much price sensitive. So, sensitivity analysis was done to see the impact that if price increases by \mbox{20\,\%} and decreases up to \mbox{40\,\%}. It was found that with \mbox{40\,\%} decrease in price, farmers face loss.



Technical, allocative and economic efficiencies were measured through Cobb- Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Function (CDSFPF) which is based upon the work of Farrell (1957). The results indicated that all efficiencies were greater in case of medium farmers than small and large farmers. In case of head ender farmers, technical and economic efficiencies are more but allocative efficiency is more for tail ender farmers. Results from Kruskal Wallis test also support the significant difference in efficiencies among small"=medium-large and head ender"=tail ender farmers. Farm size, labours engaged in farm, farmersī experience ---are positively and distance from water source and age of pond ---are negatively affecting shrimp production. 



From inefficiency model, it was found that more educated farmers are inefficient but farmers who have received training are more efficient. Farmers who are farming on their own land are more efficient than who have rented land. Overall, it may be possible from this research to find out inefficiency factors of shrimp farming.



}

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\end{abstract}
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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Function, efficiency, inefficiency, profitability, shrimp
\index[key]{Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Function}
\index[key]{Efficiency}
\index[key]{Inefficiency}
\index[key]{Profitability}
\index[key]{Shrimp}
\end{document}