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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Essential Oil Content and Composition of Dragonhead Affected by Harvest Time},pdfauthor={Saeed Yousefzadeh, Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy, Fatemeh Sefidkon},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), Essential oil, geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate.},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Essential Oil Content and Composition of Dragonhead Affected by Harvest Time\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Saeed Yousefzadeh, Tarbiat Modares University, Department of Agronomy, 14115-336~Tehran, Iran, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{yousefzadeh@modares.ac.ir}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Saeed Yousefzadeh$^{1}$, Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy$^{2}$, Fatemeh Sefidkon$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Tarbiat Modares University, Department of Agronomy, Iran}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Tarbiat Modares University, Agronomy, Iran}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Medcinal Plants, Iran}}}
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\index[author]{Yousefzadeh, Saeed}
\index[author]{Modarres-Sanavy, Seyed Ali Mohammad}
\index[author]{Sefidkon, Fatemeh}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) is an annual plant that belongs to the (Labiate or Lamiaceae) family. The essential oil of dragonhead has natural antibacterial and antimicrobial substances and having wide usage in industries like pharmaceutical, dietary and many others. As this point, to determine effect of different harvest times on content and composition of essential oil, an experiment was conducted on Research field at the Khoy Agricultural Research Center in West Azarbaijan province. Dragonhead seeds from both landrace and modern cultivar were planted simultaneously. The aerial parts of plant were harvested in six stages. After drying the plant materials in shade, their essential oils were obtained by hydro"=distillation. The oils were analysed by GC and GC-MS. As harvest time, the percentage of essence obtained from both landrace and modern cultivar had difference which was between 0.53 at the full flowering and 0.07 at the yellow"=maturity. In addition, there are some differences between essence compositions of these dragonhead accessions at the different harvest times. The major essence compositions of dragonhead were the gernial, geraniol and geranyl  acetate. The highest (\mbox{65.13\,\%}) sum total amount of both gernial and geraniol was obtained at the early flowering and the lowest (\mbox{44.93\,\%}) at the yellow"=maturity for the landrace cultivar. In addition, the largest (\mbox{50.69\,\%}) amount of geranyl acetate was gained at the early flowering for the modern cultivar and the least (\mbox{28.07\,\%}) at the 26 days after flowering when 10 to 30 percent of the flowers remained on the landrace cultivar plants. The results showed harvest time effected on essential oil content and composition.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), Essential oil, geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate.
\index[key]{Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)}
\index[key]{Essential oil}
\index[key]{Geranial}
\index[key]{Geraniol}
\index[key]{Geranyl acetate.}
\end{document}