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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Physical Land Evaluation for Small"=scale Rainfed Agriculture Use in Atsbi"=womberta District, Tigray, Ethiopia},pdfauthor={Micheal Yemane Tesfasilassie, Fasil (Phd) Kebede},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Beans and wheat, crop production, evaluation, fertility, land, limitation, potential, soil, suitability},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Physical Land Evaluation for Small"=scale Rainfed Agriculture Use in Atsbi"=womberta District, Tigray, Ethiopia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Micheal Yemane Tesfasilassie, United Methodist Committee on Relief, Food Security and Livelihoods, El- Riyadh-Almashtal, Khatoum, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{michealyemane@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Micheal Yemane Tesfasilassie$^{1}$, Fasil (Phd) Kebede$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$United Methodist Committee on Relief, Food Security and Livelihoods, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Mekelle University, Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection, }}}
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\index[author]{Tesfasilassie, Micheal Yemane}
\index[author]{Kebede, Fasil (Phd)}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Production of beans and wheat has a long history in Atsbi-Womberta woreda. But the yield obtained currently is not promising. To enhance the present production systems and turn them into more vigorous and well"=matched livelihood systems, crops, cropping systems, technologies and socio"=cultural patterns have to be harmonised with the prevailing biophysical environment. However, there are few studies available in the region that indicates the potential and limitation of the areas for rainfed crop production. Thus this study was initiated to evaluate whether the current land suitability continues to be suitable or not. Six profiles were opened in the watershed to assess the land potential and limitation for rainfed crop production. A total of 23 soil samples were collected, from the profiles at each horizon, from three positions: upper slope, middle slope and foot slope. Physical and chemical parameters of the soils were analysed in the laboratory. Using maximum limitation, limitation method regarding number and intensity of limitations and parametric methods, the production potential of Atsbi-Womberta woreda was assessed. The suitability class of the watershed for growing beans and wheat were classified as S3c, f, s /marginally suitable/. The study also revealed that beans production has limited by low precipitation during growing cycle, low organic carbon, sandy loam texture and low sum of basic cations. Wheat is limited by the average daily minimum and maximum temperature of the coldest month during vegetative stage, sandy loam texture, low base saturation and low sum of basic cations. The study indicated that both climatic and soil factors have importance in determining crop productivity. Thus, introduction of crop varieties that can fit to the climatic and soil factors could help improve the current crop production. Besides, to enhance the soil fertility, application of organic and inorganic fertilisers, crop rotation, fallowing and crop residue management should be practised. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Beans and wheat, crop production, evaluation, fertility, land, limitation, potential, soil, suitability
\index[key]{Beans and wheat}
\index[key]{Crop!production}
\index[key]{Evaluation}
\index[key]{Fertility}
\index[key]{Land}
\index[key]{Limitation}
\index[key]{Potential}
\index[key]{Soil}
\index[key]{Suitability}
\end{document}