\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Market and Rural Development},pdfauthor={Jane Karanja},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Market, rural development, rural products, small scale producers},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Market and Rural Development\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Jane Karanja, Network for Ecofarming in Africa, Agriculture, P.o Box 819, 20106~Molo, Kenya, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{jane_karanja2001@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Jane Karanja}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Network for Ecofarming in Africa, Agriculture, Kenya}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Karanja, Jane}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{




Rural sector is not just about agriculture. Others like, Mining, forestry and fishing are very important activities. They provide employment and income to a large population of rural fraternity in many developing countries. Therefore, the opportunities and problems associated with these kinds of activities must be addressed in the process of rural development.



 Rural products are perceived traditionally as serving the local market, or a wider national market through limited formal channels.  Market opportunities for rural products, along with the country's development priorities need to be understood, and strategies put in place on the role of rural industries. While rural products are increasingly becoming part of the international supply chains, these products need to adapt themselves, not only according to the changing tastes of the national market, but also according to changes in tastes in the international market. Therefore, a process is essential to explore the market linkages and capacity building for rural enterprises and producers.



 This process should ensure the participation of rural people as co"=producers in the market chain, with improved livelihoods and access to markets. The real challenge of attaining a sustainable market chain begins here.



The first way through which conditions in national and international markets affect rural development is through determination of prices. Due to the removal of international and domestic support structures that provide a safety path for the rural folks, the impact of international market conditions is much more direct. 



Market entry is also an illusion as it requires a number of requirements to be fulfiled. Governments impose many standards, and producers need to pay attention not only to what they produce, but also to how they produce it, quality and traceability requirements as well as the need to provide large quantities impact negatively on small scale producers that make up most of the rural fraternity.



 











}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Market, rural development, rural products, small scale producers
\index[key]{Market}
\index[key]{Rural!development}
\index[key]{Rural!products}
\index[key]{Small scale producers}
\end{document}
