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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Efficacy Determination of Neem (\textit{Azadirachta indica}) and Pineapple (\textit{Ananas comosus}) Leaves as Herbal Drugs for Deworming and its Effect on Milk Production in Dairy Cows   },pdfauthor={Abdus Samad Khan, A. K. M. Masum},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Albendazole tablets, anthelmintics, milk yield, neem leaves, parasite, pineapple leaves},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Efficacy Determination of Neem (\textit{Azadirachta indica}) and Pineapple (\textit{Ananas comosus}) Leaves as Herbal Drugs for Deworming and its Effect on Milk Production in Dairy Cows   \footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Abdus Samad Khan, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Dairy Science, 2202~Mymensingh, Bangladesh, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{maskhands@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Abdus Samad Khan, A. K. M. Masum}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Bangladesh Agricultural University, Dairy Science, Bangladesh}}}
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\index[author]{Khan, Abdus Samad}
\index[author]{Masum, A. K. M.}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Chemical anthelmintics have been considered as the only effective way of controlling parasitic infection. As these are very expensive and unavailable to farmers in rural areas of Bangladesh, livestock producers are not interested to use. Regular use of chemical anthelmintics develops resistance of helminths to various anthelmintics compounds. For this reasons, interest in screening of medicinal plants for anthelmintic activity remains of great scientific interest despite extensive use of synthetic chemicals in modern clinical practices all over the world. Herbs, shrubs and trees are available in village areas of Bangladesh having antiparasitic properties. Therefore, determination of efficacy of available potential herbs in controlling parasitic burden is very important for sustainable improvement of productivity of animals. A study was conducted to determine the efficacy of some selected herbs in controlling parasitic burdens in dairy cows as well as incorporating them in dairy ration to control nematodiasis and consequently improving milk yield. For this research, a total of 30 crossbred dairy cows (253$\pm$\mbox{20.5\,kg} BW) under rural condition were taken, divided into three groups consisting of 10 on each, that treated as Neem leaves, Pineapple leaves and Albendazole tablets @ \unitfrac[1.6]{g}{kg}, \unitfrac[1.0]{g}{kg} and \unitfrac[7.5]{mg}{kg}, respectively. Fresh Neem leaves were collected from tree, washed to clean, extracted with water and fed to cows by drenching method. Fresh Pineapple leaves were collected, washed and chopped into pieces for feeding with concentrate and Albendazole was fed to cows directly. Faeces sample was collected in the morning on day 7, 14, 21, 28 after treatment to observe parasitic load. Nematode egg count per gram of faeces was reduced from 68.9$\pm$13.33 to 35$\pm$41.16, 83.9$\pm$15.81 to 30$\pm$42.16, 78.3$\pm$21.84 to 15$\pm$24.15 after 21 days of treatment of Neem, Pineapple leaves and Albendazole. The highest milk yield was found in the group fed Pineapple leaves$^{-3}$.75, whereas Neem leaves$^{-3}$.45 and Albendazole$^{-3}$\unitfrac[.44]{l}{h}/d. The herbal anthelmintics treatment as drugs on dairy cows has positive impact on milk yield that may be its' long term effect on gastrointestinal nematodes, consequently making increased flow of nutrients from gut to the system.







}

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\end{abstract}
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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Albendazole tablets, anthelmintics, milk yield, neem leaves, parasite, pineapple leaves
\index[key]{Albendazole tablets}
\index[key]{Anthelmintics}
\index[key]{Milk yield}
\index[key]{Neem leaves}
\index[key]{Parasites}
\index[key]{Pineapple!leaves}
\index[key]{Dairy cows}
\index[key]{Cattle}
\end{document}