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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Problem of Forest Encroachment by the Local Dweller: an Example of Excluding the Local People in Forest Decision Making Process, a Case of Sagarnath Forestry Development Project (SFDP), Sarlahi, Nepal},pdfauthor={Kam Raj Pant, Urmila Koirala(Neupane)},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Bio-diversity, forest encroachment, people´s participation},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{The Problem of Forest Encroachment by the Local Dweller: an Example of Excluding the Local People in Forest Decision Making Process, a Case of Sagarnath Forestry Development Project (SFDP), Sarlahi, Nepal\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Kam Raj Pant, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Sociology, Lalbandi, Sarlahi, Nepal, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{sumanrajpant@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Kam Raj Pant$^{1}$, Urmila Koirala(Neupane)$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Sociology, Nepal}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Tribhuvan University, Nepal, Population, }}}
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\index[author]{Pant, Kam Raj}
\index[author]{Koirala(Neupane), Urmila}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Nepal is the country of highly dense forest and renowned for bio -diversity. Forest and bio"=diversity are not only the backbone of national economy and these support subsistence of rural people.



Forest plays an eminent role in conserving biodiversity and maintaining the environment. But due to the growing population, lack of enough food and other social and political ambitions forest has been rapidly encroaching. Statistics shows that among the total forest area 76, 31278-hector forest has been already encroached from 30 districts. Sagarnath forest development programme is one of the encroached forest areas among them. Sagarnath forest development programme established with the aim of utilising less productive forest through the unnatural planting of fast growing trees. It had established with the loan of Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)in 1978 AD. ADB beared 5 crores dollar \& OPEC beared 4 crores dollar as per 2 percent interest. But, the Project paid only interest for some years, not able to paid all amount till date.



 However, due to gap between project and community, forest is in rapidly encroaching day by day. The official data shows among the total 12,345 hector, 2258 hector has been encroached till date.But our study shows the encroached area is double of official records. 







People's participation is essential for successful accomplishment of project. If all the people participated, then the programme be able to reach into its aim. SFDP still lacks this practice. It has been seen that the importance of participation as an internal process within the local communities never practised when projects have been predesigned, defined and launched by development experts. Sagarnath forest development programe current encroachment problem can be seen as effect of people's exclusion from the daily uses of people's necessity.



This research will try to explore the potential reason of encroachment with a framework of national problem.  In doing so people's views and reviews from both side (officials of project and encroacher) are collected which information may valuable to address the national level encroachment problem in Nepal.











}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Bio"=diversity, forest encroachment, people´s participation
\index[key]{Bio"=diversity}
\index[key]{Forest!encroachment}
\index[key]{People´s participation}
\end{document}