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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Role of the Mother in Acquainting the Art of Cooking: a Case Study in Aia Batumbuak, West Sumatera, Indonesia},pdfauthor={Wahyudi David, Angelika Ploeger},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Food culture, food security, indigenous knowledge, Indonesia, Minangkabau},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Role of the Mother in Acquainting the Art of Cooking: a Case Study in Aia Batumbuak, West Sumatera, Indonesia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Wahyudi David, University of Kassel, Department of Organic Food Quality and Food Culture, Norbahnhof Str 1a, 37213~Witzenhausen, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{wahyudidavid@yahoo.co.id}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Wahyudi David$^{1}$, Angelika Ploeger$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Kassel, Department of Organic Food Quality and Food Culture, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Kassel, Department of Organic Food Quality and Food Culture, Germany}}}
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\index[author]{David, Wahyudi}
\index[author]{Ploeger, Angelika}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Food security is a holistic issue from farm to fork. The diversity of nature and culture are important values in preparing food. It is not only how people transfer their environment into their serving dish, but more about how people utilise them and modify them into a delicate menu in their table. Furthermore, the indigenous knowledge of the people in preparing and managing their kitchen plays an important role in supplying adequately nutritious food for their families. This research was conducted to find out the possibility of indigenous knowledge utilisation in reaching adequate nutritional level within the household as one of the indicators of food security. 







The research was conducted in Nagari Aia Batumbuak, West Sumatera Indonesia, which is a typical hilly area society. Primary data was collected from June to September 2009. Data was collected by using PRA (participatory rural appraisal)which combines in depth interview. The data then further analysed by using MAXQDA and f4 software. 







The result indicated that most of the kitchen activity and meal of the day decision role is carried out by the mother, in"=line with the traditional Minangkabau's matrilineal systems. In Minangkabau, the kitchen is not only a place to prepare the food but also a symbol of family secrets. The kitchen is identical with female activity; therefore the cooking skills of the mother must be passed on to their daughters. A mother is morally responsible to pass their art of cooking to their daughters. Cooking is typically done once a day, between 09.00 and 12.00, with one to two hours needed for preparations. All three meals; breakfast, lunch and dinner are prepared at the same time. However, while the main menu is only reheated, new rice is always prepared for dinner. Rice must be always warm, since it symbolises protection, safety, and delicacy. Only the mother knows the exact step by step processing, composition and spices. That is why it is called the family secret. Recently, the role of mother to acquaint the art of cooking decreased since the most of the daughters attended schools which are located far from their house. 



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Food culture, food security, indigenous knowledge, Indonesia, Minangkabau
\index[key]{Food!culture}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Indigenous!knowledge}
\index[key]{Indonesia}
\index[key]{Minangkabau}
\end{document}