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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Role of Livestock Production for Food Security: the Case of Erer District, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia},pdfauthor={Kedija Hussen, Jema Haji},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Coping strategy, extension and veterinary service, food security, livestock, market},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{The Role of Livestock Production for Food Security: the Case of Erer District, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Kedija Hussen, Haramaya University, Animal Science, P.O. Box 138, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{kedhus2002@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Kedija Hussen$^{1}$, Jema Haji$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Haramaya University, Animal Science, Ethiopia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Haramaya University, Agricultural Economics, Ethiopia}}}
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\index[author]{Hussen, Kedija}
\index[author]{Haji, Jema}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The study was undertaken in the Erer district of Somali Regional State, Ethiopia. The primary objective of the study was to identify the contribution of livestock and other determinants on food security. The households' food or calorie acquisition per AE per day was used to identify the food secured and insecured one. Moreover, demographic and socio"=economic data were collected from 120 selected households in the district in order to identify the potential determinants affecting household food insecurity using a Tobit regression model. The survey result shows that about 58 percent households were food insecure and among 16 explanatory independent variables included in the model, of which eight were found to be significant at different probability level. Such statistically significant variables were age of household head, off farm income, livestock holding (TLU), farm income, distance to market and veterinary service, remittance and conflict. Total farm income and food security have positive relation, however, positive contribution of farm income are mainly earned from livestock production than crop income. This means that the agro"=pastoralist/pastoralists with large herd size have better chance to earn more income from livestock production. Highly significant effect of livestock on food security was through direct contributions with the provision of food production through the provision of high value protein"=rich animal products and indirect use of livestock as a buffer to mitigate the impact of drought shocks; particularly small ruminants play a significant role in smoothing income fluctuations and food deficit due to drought.  Availability of food in the study area is mostly affected by indirect factors such as animal diseases, input access, soil erosion, feed and water availability.  This sector output also had different constraints like poor market infrastructure, lack of veterinary and extension services and lack of credit facilities which aggravated the food insecurity situation and made households more vulnerable. If these conditions are improved, the households are not subject to the extreme adjustment mechanisms in using various local coping strategies to survive severe food crisis. Therefore, there is a need for integrating overall development programs of the district with the local coping strategies. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Coping strategy, extension and veterinary service, food security, livestock, market
\index[key]{Coping strategy}
\index[key]{Extension and veterinary service}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Livestock}
\index[key]{Market}
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