\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Growth Response of Yaffa Breed Cockerels to the Administration of the Androgen Mesterolone},pdfauthor={Antigha Essien, Olusoji David Adejumo, Olujide Sokunbi, Hyacinth Anthony Ibekwe, Peter Michael Bikom, Ene Effiong Orok, Mageret Nda Modey},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Androgen, cockerels, growth, Mesterolone},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Growth Response of Yaffa Breed Cockerels to the Administration of the Androgen Mesterolone\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Antigha Essien, Cross River University of Technology, Dept. of Animal Science, Obubra campus, Calabar, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{antighabusola@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Antigha Essien$^{1}$, Olusoji David Adejumo$^{2}$, Olujide Sokunbi$^{2}$, Hyacinth Anthony Ibekwe$^{1}$, Peter Michael Bikom$^{1}$, Ene Effiong Orok$^{1}$, Mageret Nda Modey$^{1}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Cross River University of Technology, Dept. of Animal Science, Nigeria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Ibadan, Animal Science, Nigeria}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Essien, Antigha}
\index[author]{Adejumo, Olusoji David}
\index[author]{Sokunbi, Olujide}
\index[author]{Ibekwe, Hyacinth Anthony}
\index[author]{Bikom, Peter Michael}
\index[author]{Orok, Ene Effiong}
\index[author]{Modey, Mageret Nda}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The growth rate of the livestock sector in Nigeria glaringly trails behind the population growth rate. Low per caput animal protein is one challenge that confronts not just Nigeria, but most of the developing world. Interventions that hasten the attainment of market weight of meat animals are needed in Nigeria's bid to shrink the serious protein gap




Steroids are noted for their anabolic properties, due to their ability to retain nitrogen. For ease of administration, oral steroids that can possibly be administered through drinking water or through the diets fed, are sought. This informed the use of the relatively new androgen, mesterolone, on 8-week old Yaffa breed cockerels, weekly, for 10 weeks at the Teaching and Research farm, University of Ibadan in southwestern Nigeria. A total of 135 Yaffa breed cockerels were used for the experiment. There were forty five birds per treatment, each replicated three times. The birds with an average initial live weight of 500g were randomly distributed to the 3 treatment groups viz: T1 (2.5 mg kg$^{-1}$ live weight of mesterolone), T2 (5.0 mg kg$^{-1}$ live weight of mesterolone) and T3,the control (0 mg of mesterolone).




The mesterolone had no effect on growth rate as final mean live weight of birds in T1 and T2 (\mbox{1.77\,kg} and \mbox{1.78\,kg}) did not differ significantly ($p > 0.05$) from the final mean live weight of birds in the control, T3 (\mbox{1.79\,kg})




The oral androgen, mesterolone, administered at dosages of 2.5 and 5.0 mg kg$^{-1}$\,LW  was not effective as a growth promotant
.



}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Androgen, cockerels, growth, Mesterolone
\index[key]{Androgen}
\index[key]{Cockerels}
\index[key]{Poultry!growth response}
\index[key]{Mesterolone}
\end{document}