\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Economics of Selected Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in the Northern India},pdfauthor={Puran Mal, Raj K. Grover, Gopal Datt Bhatta},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Asparagus racemosus, MAPs, Mentha arvensis, Northern India, Withania somnifera},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Economics of Selected Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in the Northern India\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Puran Mal, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Farm and Agribusiness Management, Senckenberg Strasse 3, 35390~Giessen, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{puran78@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Puran Mal$^{1}$, Raj K. Grover$^{2}$, Gopal Datt Bhatta$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Farm and Agribusiness Management, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Department of Agricultural Economics, India}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of Hohenheim, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics, Germany}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Mal, Puran}
\index[author]{Grover, Raj K.}
\index[author]{Bhatta, Gopal Datt}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Northern India is endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs). These plants have made a substantial contribution to the development of ancient Indian materia medica, and are the source of livelihood for myriad number of farm families, processors and traders. During the past seven decades or so, there has been a rapid extension of the allopathic medication in India and hence it generated a commercial demand for allopathic products in the country. Thus efforts were made to introduce many of these drug plants into Indian agriculture, and hence farmers started cultivating several species of MAPs and studies on the cultivation practices had been undertaken. However, economic use of the resources by such plants \textbf{has tested in the limited areas. 
} UNCLEAR - PLEASE REWRITE



An investigation was done at Haryana state, Northern India to evaluate resource use efficiency of the selected MAPs through household survey with the use of structured questionnaire. Cobb-Douglas production function was fitted to evaluate the resource use efficiency in which several cultivation cost factors were considered independent variables. Three MAPs viz., Mentha (Mentha arvensis Linn.), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal.) and Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus Willd.) were studied for economic efficiency. The economics of species was judged based on the gross return, marginal value productivity (MVP) and benefit cost analyses among others. In the commercial areas, planting material accounted higher cost among other production inputs. All the independent variables except irrigation charges had positive and significant impact on returns ($p < 0.05$) in Mentha while these variables were not significant in Ashwagandha; and there was mixed effect of different variables on the returns in Shatavari. The benefit cost ratio varied from 1.02 in Mentha to 3.12 in Shatavari. Thus Shatavari was found the most profitable among all the selected MAPs in terms of production and economic use of the resources. 







For commercial upbringing of these MAPs, there is the dire need to establish an assured market network as these crops have no alternate use. There is also a need to restructure the functions of key stakeholders such as MAPs board so that they can provide efficient extension services to the clients.
}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Asparagus racemosus, MAPs, Mentha arvensis, Northern India, Withania somnifera
\index[key]{Asparagus racemosus}
\index[key]{MAPs}
\index[key]{Mentha arvensis}
\index[key]{Northern India}
\index[key]{Withania somnifera}
\end{document}