\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Modelling Termite Ecosystem Services in Agriculture in Pendjari Region (Benin)},pdfauthor={Ogoudedji Georges Pascal Codjovi, Ernst-August Nuppenau},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Benin, bio economic model, ecosystem services, termite},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Modelling Termite Ecosystem Services in Agriculture in Pendjari Region (Benin)\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Ogoudedji Georges Pascal Codjovi, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Market Research, Senckenbergstrasse 3 Zimmer 415, Giessen, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{atagano@yahoo.fr}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Ogoudedji Georges Pascal Codjovi$^{1}$, Ernst-August Nuppenau$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Market Research, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Institute of Agricultural Policy and Market Research, Germany}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Georges Pascal Codjovi, Ogoudedji}
\index[author]{Nuppenau, Ernst-August}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In African savannah ecosystems, termites and termite mounds revealed to be multipurpose utilisation for local communities (termites and mushrooms for human food and chicken feed), mounds for soil fertilisation, fungus and health care plants' nutrition, traditional ceremonies and construction). Moreover, fungus growing termites are considered ecosystem engineers and the dead termite mounds harbour a specific floristic composition and thereby increase the phytodiversity in savannahs. Recently, researches implemented by BIOTA West Africa teams observed the decreasing of termite mounds in the populated area of Pendjari region. We present here the approach used to improve the economic recognition of ecosystem services of termites that eventually will lead to less degradation of termite population by the farmers.



The methodology used is based on bio economic model using the General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). The objective function is defined as the profit coming from the farm activities. The main crops cultivated in the research area are cotton, rice, yam, sorghum, maize and bean.



Regression analysis showed that alive termite mound has positive influence on crop yield depending on the crop.



A bio economic model aiming the maximisation of profit function is simulated to show the density of alive termite mound which optimise the crop yield. A sensitivity analysis is done to show how the changes in political decisions (inputs and outputs prices' changes) impact the termite ecosystem services (mound density changes) in the research area.



All results may provide guidelines for the management of termite mounds in the farming system at farm and landscape levels.



}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Benin, bio economic model, ecosystem services, termite
\index[key]{Benin}
\index[key]{Bio economic model}
\index[key]{Ecosystem services}
\index[key]{Termite}
\end{document}