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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Integrated Jatropha  Curcas  Meal as Non Traditional  Feed  Ingredient  in Dairy Goat Rations},pdfauthor={Alaa Mohamed, Ahmed Abd El- Magide, Magdy Abo El-Fadel},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={  degradability. Milk yield , ,heated treated, biological treated, chemical treated, jatrofa curcas meal},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Integrated Jatropha  Curcas  Meal as Non Traditional  Feed  Ingredient  in Dairy Goat Rations\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Alaa Mohamed, Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, Nady El-Said St. Dokki, 1123~Giza, Egypt, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{alaaapri@link.net}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Alaa Mohamed$^{1}$, Ahmed Abd El- Magide$^{2}$, Magdy Abo El-Fadel$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, Egypt}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Mohamed, Alaa}
\index[author]{Abd El- Magide, Ahmed}
\index[author]{Abo El-Fadel, Magdy}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
A study was conducted to determine the effect of treating \textit{Jatropha curcas} meal with heat (JMH), biologically with lactobacillus bacteria (JMB), or chemically with isopropanol (JMI) on it,s degradability by using fistulaeted male buffaloes and it,s anti"=nutritive compounds in order to induce \textit{Jatropha curcas} meal in ruminants feeds to replace part of the costly imported soybean meal.   \textit{In~situ} trial was also conducted to evaluate degradability of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP). Lambs performance was studied. The experimental concentrate feed mixture (CFM), contained soybean meal to be replaced with untreated Jatropha meal  JMU (CFM0), \mbox{50\,\%} JMU (CFM2) and  \mbox{75\,\%} JMU (CFM3), or heated Jatropha  meal  \mbox{50\,\%} JMH (CFM5) and \mbox{75\,\%} (CFM6) or chemical Jatropha  meal \mbox{50\,\%} JMB (CFM8) and \mbox{75\,\%} (CFM9), or biological Jatropha  meal \mbox{50\,\%} JMI (CFM11) and \mbox{75\,\%} JMB (CFM12) of Soybean meal. Feeding trials with dairy goat were also conducted with \mbox{75\,\%} (CFM) level. Treatment JM with bacteria increased both CP and ash content, while CF content was decreased.  Meantime, treatment Jatropha meal with heat (JMH) decreased CP. Other treatments had almost similer CF content. All treatments, showed a positive effect in decreasing concentration of anti"=nutritive compounds. The biological  treatment with bacteria had the highest decrease of anti"=nutritive compounds.  Rations with bacteria treated JCM had highest DM and OM degradability values, as compared with other treatment. Effective degradability ED (\%) of DM and OM were highest for ration contained bacteria treated JMB. Highest daily gain was recorded with ration contained biological Jatropha  meal with \mbox{50\,\%} replacement. Concerning daily milk yield their were no significant differences between control and ration with  Jatropha meal. The economic cash return was more profit for ration contained biological Jatropha  meal than other rations.  Under the conditions of the present experiment, could be concluded that the bacterial treated JCMB could be replaced \mbox{75\,\%} JMB with Soybean meal at CFM. However the recommendation for including  Jatropha  meal (JM) in ruminant rations still need more investigation .}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:}   degradability. Milk yield , ,heated treated, biological treated, chemical treated, jatrofa curcas meal
\index[key]{  degradability. Milk yield }
\index[key]{,heated treated}
\index[key]{Biological treated}
\index[key]{Chemical!treated}
\index[key]{Jatrofa curcas meal}
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