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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Resources Use Efficiency in Main Food Annual Crops Production in River Nile State of Sudan},pdfauthor={Elgilany A. Ahmed, Hamid H.M. Faki, Hashim Ahmed Elobied},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Food security, resources use optimisation},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Resources Use Efficiency in Main Food Annual Crops Production in River Nile State of Sudan\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Elgilany A. Ahmed, Ministry of Science and Technology, Agricultural Economics Research and Policy Center, Shambat, 13314~Khartoum North, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{elgilanya@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Elgilany A. Ahmed$^{1}$, Hamid H.M. Faki$^{2}$, Hashim Ahmed Elobied$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Ministry of Science and Technology, Agricultural Economics Research and Policy Center, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Ministry of Science and Technology, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of Khartoum, Agricultural Economics, Sudan}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Ahmed, Elgilany A.}
\index[author]{Faki, Hamid H.M.}
\index[author]{Elobied, Hashim Ahmed}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In Sudan, the tenants have compiled numerous crops in order to intensify production in an attempt to improve home food security and income. Field crops namely cash and food crops are regarded as essential crops dominated among the crop combination in RNS namely, wheat, legumes, onions, sorghum, maize, potatoes, vegetables, fodders and spices. They are a major part of the daily diet and the main income sources for the Sudanese farmers. Moreover, they play an important role in sustaining the productivity of the farming systems through the new farm investment and fixation atmospheric nitrogen. The RNS is considered as one of the main grower of annual crops to the country. The annual crops are commonly produced under pump irrigation from the River Nile. The production of these crops in the State is faced by numerous constraints namely inefficiency of resources use, low level of productivity and high cost of production. The paper aims to optimise the available resources use in annual crops. It was on this basis that a paper was prepared out in RNS to establish resource combination levels that maximise gross margins from field crops that commonly grown within the combination. Primary data was collected by using structured questionnaires for 70 randomly selected respondents from Elzeidab public pump irrigated scheme of RNS as a case study. A linear programming technique through the General Algebraic Modelling System programme was used to assess the optimally combining resources in annual crops. The model results revealed that tenants would get higher returns by allocating more resources namely land, water, labour and capital to the annual crops production. The RNS tenants should therefore, be guided to earn high returns and contributed significantly to farm sustainability and alleviates malnutrition in State.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Food security, resources use optimisation
\index[key]{Food security}
\index[key]{Resources use optimization}
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