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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Potential Role of Street Foods as Micronutrients Source among Low Income Groups in Nairobi, Kenya },pdfauthor={Mary Oyunga, Judith Waudo, Augustine Afullo},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Iron, urban-poor, vitamin A, zinc},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Potential Role of Street Foods as Micronutrients Source among Low Income Groups in Nairobi, Kenya \footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Mary Oyunga, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Crops, Kari Kibos, Kisumu, Kenya, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ogubim2003@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Mary Oyunga$^{1}$, Judith Waudo$^{2}$, Augustine Afullo$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Crops, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Kenyatta University, Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Kenyatta University, Public Health Department, Kenya}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Oyunga, Mary}
\index[author]{Waudo, Judith}
\index[author]{Afullo, Augustine}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Although more than \mbox{40\,\%} of Nairobi's lower"=income groups consume street foods, there is paucity of information available for urban policy makers and programmers on the potential contribution of street foods to micronutrient intake. A cross"=sectional survey and non"=repetitive 24-hour dietary recall were employed to determine household intake of vitamin A, iron and zinc, and the proportion of the intakes from street foods in the selected Kangemi and Dandora estates in Nairobi, Kenya (low and middle"=low income groups respectively). Results indicate that there was no significant statistical difference in the consumption pattern of street foods between the two sites. Absolute vitamin A, iron and zinc intake from street foods were comparatively lower among the low income groups as compared to middle"=low income groups, these variations were not significant except for zinc. Street foods were less important vitamin A source in Kangemi (\mbox{4.4\,\%} of total intake and \mbox{2.64\,\%} of the RDA) than in Dandora (\mbox{26\,\%} of total intake and \mbox{9.46\,\%} of the RDA). Those who obtained at least \mbox{50\,\%} of total vitamin A from street foods was also significantly higher in Dandora. Iron intake from street foods significantly differed with Dandora being higher (\mbox{30\,\%}) than Kangemi (\mbox{21\,\%}). Iron intake from street foods in both sites (\unitfrac[15]{mg}{AE} in Kangemi and \unitfrac[25]{mg}{AE} in Dandora) was sufficient to meet the RDA for iron for adults (5--\unitfrac[28]{mg}{AE}). Zinc intake contributed by street foods was not significantly higher in Dandora (\mbox{25.2\,\%}) than Kangemi (\mbox{16.7\,\%}). The proportion of those who obtained at least \mbox{50\,\%} of their zinc intake from the street foods was also insignificantly higher in Dandora (\mbox{12\,\%}) than Kangemi (\mbox{7\,\%}). Street foods are better contributors of iron (\mbox{26\,\%} of total intake) and zinc (\mbox{21\,\%}) than vitamin A (\mbox{12\,\%}). Apparent factors that tend to potentially influence street foods contribution to micronutrient nutrition are economic status, availability and proximity to street foods, consumption pattern and the type of street foods sold. Street food trade deserves recognition by urban policy makers in order to improve the opportunities of vendors to support their livelihood and to ensure the availability of affordable, safe and nutritious food for low income consumers.







}

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\end{abstract}
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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Iron, urban"=poor, vitamin A, zinc
\index[key]{Iron}
\index[key]{Uban"=poor}
\index[key]{Vitamin A}
\index[key]{Zinc}
\end{document}