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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Determinants of Rural Out"=migration Towards a Small Urban Center in East Nepal},pdfauthor={Ranjita Nepal, Beatrice Knerr},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Rural-urban, Terai and Family migration., Urbanisation},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Determinants of Rural Out"=migration Towards a Small Urban Center in East Nepal\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Ranjita Nepal, University of Kassel, Development Economics, Migration and Agricultural Policy, Steinstrasse 19, 37213~Witzenhausen, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ranjitan3@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Ranjita Nepal$^{1}$, Beatrice Knerr$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Kassel, Development Economics, Migration and Agricultural Policy, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Kassel, Department of Development Economics, Migration and Agricultural Policy, Germany}}}
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\index[author]{Nepal, Ranjita}
\index[author]{Knerr, Beatrice}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
More than 80 percent of Nepal's population lives in rural areas. Although the Nepalese government has adopted rural and agriculture development polices since the inception of development plans, rural"=urban migration is still a key factor for increasing urbanisation in Nepal as a response to diverse economic opportunities. The migrants largely move together with their family which entails the formation of an independent urban household.







This paper investigates the determinants of family migration in a small urban centre of Jhapa district, Nepal. Information needed for the study was collected through a questionnaire survey, covering 40 migrant households, as well as key informants interviews. 







Migration from Hills to Terai, the plain land of the country, has historical roots. In addition, migrants from Hills were attracted to some areas of Terai by the government resettlement policies. Most migration researchers argue that people generally migrate from resource poorer regions to richer region. Migration form hills and rural areas of Nepal are exemplary of such cases where people aspire for better livelihood. There exists a wide gap in social amenities between urban and rural areas of Nepal. Moreover, Nepal's vast rural areas do not offer sufficient employment opportunities to secure the livelihood of the expanding population. In addition to this, the results of the investigations reveal that family migration is more likely among older people and among families with members who have migrated internationally, and that better urban services, educational and business opportunities are the major reasons for permanent out"=migration from Hills and rural areas. Most of the migrants were born in the Hills. The policy implications of the increasing internal migration are outlined in the paper.







}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Rural"=urban, Terai and Family migration., Urbanisation
\index[key]{Rural"=urban}
\index[key]{Terai and Family migration.}
\index[key]{Urbanization}
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