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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Influence of Alley Cropping Microclimate on the Yield and Growth of Sesame (\textit{Sesamum Indicum} L.) in Semi"=desert Region of Northern Sudan },pdfauthor={Haider Shapo, Adam Adam},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Acacia stenophylla, Evapotranspiration, irradiance, Semi –Arid, Water use},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Influence of Alley Cropping Microclimate on the Yield and Growth of Sesame (\textit{Sesamum Indicum} L.) in Semi"=desert Region of Northern Sudan \footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Haider Shapo, Agricultural Research Corporation, Agroforestry Research Unit, P.O. Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{hsafi123@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Haider Shapo$^{1}$, Adam Adam$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Agricultural Research Corporation, Agroforestry Research Unit, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Gezira, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sudan}}}
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\index[author]{Shapo, Haider}
\index[author]{Adam, Adam}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
An investigation was carried out in the semi- desert region of the northern Sudan, during 1999--2000, to study the influence of different micrometeorological parameters on the growth and yield of sesame (cv. Kenana$^{-2}$) under alley cropping system. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of alley cropping microclimate on growth and yield of sesame. Sesame was grown in 6-m wide alleys formed by Acacia ampliceps and Acacia stenophylla. Air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar energy and shade behaviour were measured throughout the growing season. Water applied was measured using a water meter, while soil moisture was measured using gravimetric sampling for the depths of 15, 30, 45 and \mbox{60\,cm}, in alley cropping and control plots. Sesame crop was evaluated for growth and yield performance in southern, central and northern part of each alley in contrast to a control plot. Results showed substantial reductions in wind runs, solar radiation and air temperature, while relative humidity was increased under alley conditions. In addition, the A.stenophylla gave the highest significant saving in irrigation water. Moisture content (especially in the upper 0---\mbox{45\,cm} soil depth) was much higher in alley cropped plots than in the control plot, with A.stenophylla showing the highest saving of irrigation water. A.stenophylla"=alley cropping dramatically increased (\mbox{40\,\%}) sesame seed yield. In contrast sesame seed yield was much reduced (\mbox{46\,\%}) under A.ampliceps"=alley cropping. Competitions for light and water were highly responsible for variations in sesame seed yield in the different zones of the alley. The A.stenophylla tree is recommended to be used in an alley cropping system in the semi"=desert region of northern Sudan for its superiority over A.ampliceps in optimising radiation and saving of irrigation water. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Acacia stenophylla, Evapotranspiration, irradiance, Semi ---Arid, Water use
\index[key]{Acacia stenophylla}
\index[key]{Evapotranspiration}
\index[key]{Irradiance}
\index[key]{Semi ---Arid}
\index[key]{Water!use}
\end{document}