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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Impacts of Invasive Species on Food Security of Pastoralists in Ethiopia},pdfauthor={Gemedo Dalle},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Biodiversity, desirable species, food security, livelihood},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Impacts of Invasive Species on Food Security of Pastoralists in Ethiopia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Gemedo Dalle, Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Genetic Resources Transfer and Regulation Directorate, Addis Ababa, 80119~Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{gemedod@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Gemedo Dalle}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Genetic Resources Transfer and Regulation Directorate, Ethiopia}}}
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\index[author]{Dalle, Gemedo}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Indigenous and local communities in general and pastoralists in particular are dependent on biodiversity for their livelihoods because biodiversity is source for human basic needs. Some of the uses of biological diversity include food, fiber, fuel, energy, shelter, medicine, clean water, clean air, flood/storm control, pollination, seed dispersal, pest \& disease control, pollination, soil formation and maintenance, cultural, spiritual and aesthetic, recreational values. Invasive species threatens the environment, the economy, or society, including human health. They do cause severe economic losses and threaten the livelihoods of pastoral and agro"=pastoral communities.  Invasive species can have profound effects on biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics: cause loss of biodiversity and a decrease carrying capacity of an ecosystem resulting in severe economic losses. The invasive species issue is regarded as a community and societal problem because these species invade the local plant community and replace resulting in ecological and economic crises. Studies show that invasive species are negatively related to local biodiversity and carrying capacity for livestock production and wildlife. These species do invade a given ecosystem resulting in low grass layer cover and high density of undesirable woody species. They replace desirable forage species causing shortage of forage for livestock thereby reducing production and productivity of livestock. Besides, invasive species compete with wild edible plants on which many family members are dependent finally resulting in food insecurity. It was concluded that to ensure sustainable food security in pastoral ecosystems, there is a high need to take practical action to control and/or eradicate invasive species using combinations of techniques. The traditional rangeland management strategies should be considered as part of the solution for minimising the negative impacts of invasive species.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Biodiversity, desirable species, food security, livelihood
\index[key]{Biodiversity}
\index[key]{Desirable species}
\index[key]{Food security}
\index[key]{Livelihood}
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