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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Non"=wood Forest Products as Food and for Poverty Alleviation the Case of Northern Darfur State },pdfauthor={Mohamed Khamis},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Food security, non-wood forest products, poverty alleviation},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Non"=wood Forest Products as Food and for Poverty Alleviation the Case of Northern Darfur State \footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Mohamed Khamis, Al Fashir University, Department of Forestry \& Range Sciences, Al Fashir University, Al Fashir, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{mkhamis43@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Mohamed Khamis}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Al Fashir University, Department of Forestry \& Range Sciences, Sudan}}}
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\index[author]{Khamis, Mohamed}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
This paper discusses these commonly utilised tree species for non"=wood forest products NWFPs in Northern Darfur State and their potential contribution to the food security and improvement of livelihoods. Northern Darfur State is characterised by the most fragile environment, with prolonged periods of aridity and reduction in rainfall, about 130 mm per annum, and it has not exceeded 380mm per annum since 1910s (Feinstein International Center 2009). However, in such environments, production of food crops is difficult and uncertain. Therefore, one of the other alternatives will be the non"=wood forest products (NWFPs). Data were collected using random questionnaires, interviews, discussions and observations, including 60 households in Al Fashir market. The net income contributed by each species was estimated.



Results show that ten fruit producing species are dominantly used by the people for food, directly and indirectly, and traded in the market, as indicated by the respondents.  Balanites aegyptiaca (\mbox{43\,\%}) and Ziziphus spina"=cheristi (\mbox{43\,\%}) are the dominant species, followed by \textit{Adansonia digitata} (\mbox{35\,\%}), Hyphaene thebacia (\mbox{33\,\%}), \textit{Tamarindus indica} (\mbox{22\,\%}), \textit{Grewia tenax} (\mbox{10\,\%}), \textit{Acacia tortilis} (\mbox{7\,\%}), Faidherbia albida (\mbox{7\,\%}), \textit{Detarium microcarpum} (\mbox{3\,\%}) and \textit{Grewia villosa} (\mbox{2\,\%}). While, \textit{Adansonia digitata} showed the highest marketing demand and \textit{Tamarindus indica} come next, then followed by the rest of the species. Results also revealed that female respondents are the dominant sellers (\mbox{73\,\%}) of these non"=wood forest products (NWFPs). However, more attention should be paid to these species, by all stakeholders for proper planning and sustainable utilisation of these valuable resources to play their role as food and for poverty alleviation in more effective manner. 



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Food security, non"=wood forest products, poverty alleviation
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Non"=wood forest products}
\index[key]{Poverty alleviation}
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