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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Napier Stubt Disease Management in Smallholder Dairy Systems in Uganda},pdfauthor={Jolly Kabirizi, Janice Proud, Titus Alicai},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Fodder, napier stunt disease, smallholder dairy production systems},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Napier Stubt Disease Management in Smallholder Dairy Systems in Uganda\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Jolly Kabirizi, National Agricultural Research Organization ( NARO), Animal Production, P.O. Box 7084, none~Kampala, Uganda, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{jkabirizi@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Jolly Kabirizi$^{1}$, Janice Proud$^{2}$, Titus Alicai$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$National Agricultural Research Organization ( NARO), Animal Production, Uganda}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Forages, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), National Cassava Programme, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Kabirizi, Jolly}
\index[author]{Proud, Janice}
\index[author]{Alicai, Titus}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Napier grass provides over \mbox{80\,\%} of the feed in smallholder dairy systems in Uganda. Napier grass production is threatened by the emergence of Napier stunt disease (NSD). Baseline surveys were conducted in Kabalore, Masaka and Soroti districts to indentify major constraints to Napier grass production; assess incidence of NSD in the study areas and; identify NSD control methods used by farmers and sources of information on NSD management. The districts represented the lowlands, highlands and areas around Lake Victoria Crescent zone where dairy enterprise is a major source of income.



 



Survey results showed that NSD and low yielding varieties were the most serious constraints to Napier grass production in the study areas. Irritation from silica hairs and sharp leaf edges was a constraint in Masaka and Kabalore districts. Over \mbox{80\,\%} of the sampled farms in Masaka (n=120) and Soroti (n=55) districts were affected by NSD. Masaka district was most affected district.  Farmers reported that with the exception of the local varieties, all introduced Napier grass varieties were susceptible to the stunt disease. The disease caused a decline in fodder yield of up to \mbox{90\,\%}. About \mbox{89\,\%} of the farmers in Masaka district reported that rouging and manure application to affected Napier grass fields were the most effective control methods and this decreased NSD incidence by \mbox{25\,\%}. Information from about \mbox{50\,\%} of the respondents in the three districts showed that although majority of farmers followed recommended agronomic practices they did not consider them important as management tools in controlling the disease. In Kabalore district which is about 1,530 meters above sea level NSD, farmers (n=121) reported very low ($<$5 NSD incidence level. The major sources of information on NSD control measures were the researchers. About \mbox{55\,\%} of the farmers  and all extension staff interviewed lacked information on disease symptoms and control methods.







In conclusion,, NSD a threat to the dairy enterprise in Uganda.  There is a need to train farmers and extension agents  on disease symptoms and control methods. Efforts should be made to avail farmers with clean planting materials.







}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Fodder, napier stunt disease, smallholder dairy production systems
\index[key]{Fodder}
\index[key]{Napier stunt disease}
\index[key]{Smallholder!dairy production systems}
\end{document}