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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Providing Clean and Safe Water in the Aral Sea Region Using Water Purification Equipment Produced in the Czech Republic},pdfauthor={Vladimir Krepl, Dilmurod Gaybullaev},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Aral Sea, Tuberculoses Sanatorium, Uzbekistan, water, Water purification technologies, Water salinity},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Providing Clean and Safe Water in the Aral Sea Region Using Water Purification Equipment Produced in the Czech Republic\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Vladimir Krepl, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Kamýcká 129, 165 21~Prague, Czech Republic, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{krepl@its.czu.cz}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Vladimir Krepl$^{1}$, Dilmurod Gaybullaev$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech Republic}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, }}}
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\index[author]{Krepl, Vladimir}
\index[author]{Gaybullaev, Dilmurod}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The shrinking of the Aral Sea has resulted in many problems mainly the two main being fresh water deficiency and pollution of water sources in the Aral Sea region. Most drinking water sources do not comply with water standards and the groundwater table is contaminated with a high level of salts and other minerals in Karakalpakstan Republic (Aral Sea region, Uzbekistan). The Aral Sea, once the fourth largest lake in the world, has shrunk by more than \mbox{70\,\%} since 1960, because of the massive cotton irrigation during the Soviet period. Total dissolved salts (TDS) ranges from 0, 4 grams to 4---6 grams per liter (g/l), which is higher than the international standard for water mineral content (1, \unitfrac[5]{g}{l}) for human consumption. The situation is dramatic in local hospitals and schools due to the poor water treatment technologies even in major cities of the region. During the realisation of the project ``Improvement of the quality of drinking and irrigation water in the Aral Sea region by cleaning equipment and sorbents produced in the Czech Republic'' various types of water treatment technologies has been tested and the optimal water treatment (reverse osmosis) was found for implementing in the Republic's Children Anti-Tuberculoses Sanatorium in Nukus city, Karakalpakstan. The sanatorium is inhabited for 250---300 children in the summer and winter periods. The Sanatorium was chosen due to the very bad drinking water quality (TDS ranges 7---\unitfrac[8]{g}{l}) and poor water treatment technology, which was a high risk for children's health in the sanatorium. Czech Reverse Osmosis treatment purifies TDS content of water from 7---\unitfrac[8]{g}{l} till 1, 5---\unitfrac[2]{g}{l} which makes favourable drinking for children in the sanatorium. The other minerals of the water was checked and purified by the Uzbek technologies. The best Czech and Uzbek water purification technologies have been used regarding the local conditions of this area and have had a very positive influence on the living conditions of the children in the sanatorium. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Aral Sea, Tuberculoses Sanatorium, Uzbekistan, water, Water purification technologies, Water salinity
\index[key]{Aral Sea}
\index[key]{Tuberculoses Sanatorium}
\index[key]{Uzbekistan}
\index[key]{Water}
\index[key]{Water!purification technologies}
\index[key]{Water!salinity}
\end{document}