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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Micronutrients in Paddy Soils and Rice Product in Calcareous Soils and Implication for Human Health},pdfauthor={Majid Afyuni, Mahnaz Pirzadeh, Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh, Rainer Schulin},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Calcareous soils, human nutrition, micronutrient deficiency, paddy soil, rice},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Micronutrients in Paddy Soils and Rice Product in Calcareous Soils and Implication for Human Health\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Majid Afyuni, Isfahan University of Technology, Department of Soil Science, Isfahan, Iran, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{afyuni@cc.iut.ac.ir}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Majid Afyuni$^{1}$, Mahnaz Pirzadeh$^{1}$, Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh$^{1}$, Rainer Schulin$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Isfahan University of Technology, Department of Soil Science, Iran}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$ETH Zurich, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Switzerland}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Afyuni, Majid}
\index[author]{Pirzadeh, Mahnaz}
\index[author]{Khoshgoftarmanesh, Amir Hossein}
\index[author]{Schulin, Rainer}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Modern agricultural systems have to provide enough micronutrient output to meet all the nutritional needs of people. Accordingly, knowledge on micronutrients status in soil and crop edible tissues is necessary. This study was carried out to investigate zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) concentration in paddy soil and rice grain produced in calcareous soils in central and southwest Iran in relation to soil and plant factors. Rice crops (straw, hull, and grain) and associated surface soils (0--\mbox{25\,cm}) were collected from 136 fields in from 136 fields in Isfahan, Fars and Khuzestan provinces, Iran. The plant samples were analysed for Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu. Total, DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu concentrations in soil samples were measured. The DTPA-Zn concentration in more than \mbox{50\,\%} of paddy soils was less than its critical deficiency concentration (2 mg kg$^{-1}$) while all sampled soils were sufficient in Fe, Mn, and Cu. The grain Zn concentration in more than \mbox{54\,\%} of the rice samples was less than 20 mg kg$^{-1}$. About \mbox{55\,\%} and \mbox{49\,\%} of the rice samples were deficient in Mn and Cu, respectively while the Fe concentration in rice grains was in the sufficient range. A significant negative correlation was found between the CaCO\textsubscript{3} content and soil DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu. There were significant relationships between the total soil phosphorus and DTPA-extractable micronutrients concentrations. By considering the average daily rice consumption of 110 g per capita, the Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu intake from rice consumption was estimated to be 2.4, 5.2, 1.6, and 0.9 mg for adults, respectively. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Calcareous soils, human nutrition, micronutrient deficiency, paddy soil, rice
\index[key]{Calcareous soils}
\index[key]{Human nutrition}
\index[key]{Micronutrient deficiency}
\index[key]{Paddy soil}
\index[key]{Rice}
\end{document}