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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Struggling for Food and Securing Household Income Though Dairy Production: the Case of North West Ethiopian Highlands},pdfauthor={Yitaye Alemayehu Ayenew, Maria Wurzinger, Azage Tegegne, Werner Zollitsch},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Dairy production, ethiopia, marketing, processing},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Struggling for Food and Securing Household Income Though Dairy Production: the Case of North West Ethiopian Highlands\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Yitaye Alemayehu Ayenew, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia, Research and Community Service Director, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{yitayealemayehu@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Yitaye Alemayehu Ayenew$^{1}$, Maria Wurzinger$^{2}$, Azage Tegegne$^{3}$, Werner Zollitsch$^{4}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Debre Markos University, Ethiopia, Research and Community Service Director, Ethiopia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Austria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Departement of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Austria}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Ayenew, Yitaye Alemayehu}
\index[author]{Wurzinger, Maria}
\index[author]{Tegegne, Azage}
\index[author]{Zollitsch, Werner}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In order to evaluate the challenges and opportunities as well as the level of contributions of dairy production as household income and household food self"=sufficiency in the urban and peri"=urban dairy production systems of North western Ethiopian highlands, a total of 256 smallholder dairy farms were selected for survey type data collection and of these 54 dairy farms were monitored to get some quantitative data.  







The relative importance of different income sources showed a significantly ($p < 0.001$) different pattern for urban and peri"=urban areas. In both areas, the contribution from dairying to the total household income was at the same level which was 40 and \mbox{42\,\%} in urban and peri"=urban areas, respectively. But in peri"=urban areas the second most important income source are non"=dairy farm activities (particularly crop farming), whereas in urban areas off"=farm activities such as trading and civil work are much more important as additional source. 







Scant access to technical knowledge, veterinary services and market sites are the most important factors limiting the potential of urban and peri"=urban dairy production to contribute to improved food security and livelihoods of the population. Due to poor market access and high transaction costs and the perishable nature of raw milk, the amount of sold milk (products) and prices were significantly lower for peri"=urban producers. To cope with the demand and price fluctuation of milk, farmers make traditional ways of milk processing. Therefore, to enhance dairy production and marketing, milk co"=operatives that could be able to market larger volumes and sufficiently reduce transaction costs should be supported by governmental and non"=governmental organisations through providing technical and infrastructural support. Moreover, as market is the driving force to the production and marketing of milk and milk production, establishing dairy processing plants in the area may be an option as a permanent market outlet for both urban and peri"=urban dairy producers. 











 }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Dairy production, ethiopia, marketing, processing
\index[key]{Dairy production}
\index[key]{Ethiopia}
\index[key]{Marketing}
\index[key]{Processing}
\end{document}