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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Contribution of Camel Milk and Milk Products as a Source of Food in Arid and Semi Arid Region},pdfauthor={Ibtisam E. M. El Zubeir},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Camel, dairy products, enviroment, milk composition, milk production},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Contribution of Camel Milk and Milk Products as a Source of Food in Arid and Semi Arid Region\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Ibtisam E. M. El Zubeir, University of Khartoum, Faculty of Animal Production, Department of Dairy Production, Khartoum, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ibtisammohamed@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Ibtisam E. M. El Zubeir}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{University of Khartoum, Faculty of Animal Production, Department of Dairy Production, Sudan}}}
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\index[author]{El Zubeir, Ibtisam E. M.}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Camel is a multi purpose animal that mostly herd and managed by the migratory pastoralist in the arid and semi arid region. Camel played an important role in the economic and the social life of nomadic tribes. The highest populations of camel in the world are found in Somalia, followed by Sudan. 



An important of camel is its use a source of food and substance. Camel meat and milk are useful protein supplements in arid and semi arid environment. Camel uses include production of meat, wool and hide as well as race and traction. A dromedary survive prolonged drought period, which helps camel keeping societies to survive. Moreover dehydrated camels have the ability to continue lactation, and to secrete milk that highly diluted (\mbox{90\,\%} water) with lower fat content (\mbox{3\,\%}). Camels are true browser taken only a few bites from shrubs and bushes and then move on, thus not destroying their habitat.    



Camel produce considerable amount of milk for a very long period. Also it was shown that camels can be managed in close farms as well, where they produce high yield of milk of about (30--40 litres daily).     



Camel milk differs considerably from other ruminants and has strong similarity human milk. It is a rich source of proteins and vitamin C content of camel milk is superior to that of cow's milk and this very important in the dry areas where fruits and vegetables are scares. Camel milk has the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms because it contains enzymes with antibacterial and antiviral properties. It dose not coagulate easily, hence the keeping quality is much more compared to cow's milk. Mostly camel milk is consumed fresh or as naturally fermented products. Only very few countries sell camel milk and other products (pasteurised, cheese, ice cream). However new trend towards commercialisation of camel milk is starting, which is due mainly to the recent knowledge on its medicinal properties. This might play an important role in the future industry of camel milk.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Camel, dairy products, enviroment, milk composition, milk production
\index[key]{Camel!milk}
\index[key]{Dairy products}
\index[key]{Enviroment}
\index[key]{Milk!composition}
\index[key]{Milk!production}
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