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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Effects of Population and Land Cover Change on Food Security in Latin America from 1961--2001},pdfauthor={David Lopez-Carr, Anna Carla Lopez-Carr, Jason Davis, Laurel Suter},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Environment, food security, Latin America, migration, population},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{The Effects of Population and Land Cover Change on Food Security in Latin America from 1961--2001\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} David Lopez-Carr, University of California, Santa Barbara, Geography, 966 West Campus Lane, 93117~Goleta, United States of America, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{carr@geog.ucsb.edu}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{David Lopez-Carr$^{1}$, Anna Carla Lopez-Carr$^{2}$, Jason Davis$^{1}$, Laurel Suter$^{1}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of California, Santa Barbara, Geography, United States of America}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$San Diego State University, Geography, United States of America}}}
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\index[author]{Lopez-Carr, David}
\index[author]{Lopez-Carr, Anna Carla}
\index[author]{Davis, Jason}
\index[author]{Suter, Laurel}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Unprecedented population growth and migration accompanied equally unprecedented land use and land cover change in Latin America during the latter decades of the twentieth century affecting the food security of thousands of agriculturally based communities.  We examine food security trends across Latin America as outcomes of population"=environment interactions. Malthusian and Boserupian theory are evaluated in separate case studies, in addition to more comprehensive theory outlined by Bilsborrow. First, country"=level data are examined with bivariate statistics to determine relationships between changes in population patterns and land use (agriculture and forest cover) from 1961 to 2001. In South America, large forest areas were eliminated during the period following dramatic policies in land reform which favoured agricultural goods for export. Exceptionally high rates of forest clearing were ubiquitous in the Central America/Caribbean region, leaving communities economically and agriculturally impoverished. Second, we evaluated these environmental changes as they were accompanied by dissimilar initial population densities leading to different effects of population change on food security.  Some communities were devastated with a loss of livelihood and yet others thrived. While interacting with a host of political, socio"=economic, and geographic processes, it appears that both Malthusian and Boserupian demographic processes were important drivers of deforestation but were not necessarily mutually exclusive events. Our results support Bilsborrow's theory that these drivers can be simultaneously present, acting influentially at different spatial and demographic levels.  Given constraints, local and international policy makers face myriad challenges in advancing sustainable population, land use/land cover change, and food security dynamics in Latin America.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Environment, food security, Latin America, migration, population
\index[key]{Environment}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Latin America}
\index[key]{Migration}
\index[key]{Population}
\end{document}