\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Evaluation of the Nutritional Potential of Hatchery By"=products / Cassava Peel Meal Mixtures on the Performance of Crossbred Growing Rabbits},pdfauthor={Olusegun Ojebiyi, Adewale Rafiu, Olusola Aderinola, Ajayi  Oluyemi},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Cassava peels, growing rabbits, hatchery waste, organ weights, performance},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Evaluation of the Nutritional Potential of Hatchery By"=products / Cassava Peel Meal Mixtures on the Performance of Crossbred Growing Rabbits\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Olusegun Ojebiyi, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Department of Animal Production and Health, P.m.b. 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{segunojebiyi@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Olusegun Ojebiyi, Adewale Rafiu, Olusola Aderinola, Ajayi  Oluyemi}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Department of Animal Production and Health, Nigeria}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Ojebiyi, Olusegun}
\index[author]{Rafiu, Adewale}
\index[author]{Aderinola, Olusola}
\index[author]{Oluyemi, Ajayi }
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effects of combining hatchery waste / cassava peel meal (HWCPM) on the performance characteristics and organ weights of growing rabbits in an 8 weeks feeding trial. Twenty eight (28) crossbred growing rabbits of between 451.8$\pm$95.94 and 459.6$\pm$64.4g body weights were used for the study. The hatchery wastes consisting of candled out egg and dead in embryo were cooked for one hour at 100oC and sun dried before mixing with sun dried cassava peels in ratio 3:2 (w/w). Four experimental diets were formulated. Diet 1 (control), mixtures of HW/CPM was included at 5, 10, and \mbox{15\,\%} for diets 2, 3 and 4 respectively.The diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of growing rabbits.



The rabbits were randomly divided into four (4)~groups of seven (7)~rabbit each. Each rabbit serves as a replicate in a completely randomised design.  



Final weights of the rabbits were significantly ($p < 0.05$) affected by the treatments. Rabbits on the control diet had lower final  weight 1207.5 $\pm$ 104.66g compared to those fed \mbox{5\,\%} ( 1452.25 $\pm$ 57.42g) , \mbox{10\,\%} (1596.25  $\pm$  46.21g) and \mbox{15\,\%} (1350.25 $\pm$ 107.21g) inclusion levels of HWCPM. Feed intake increased linearly with increasing levels of HWCPM but cost / kg of feed as well as the cost per kg weight gain decreased linearly ($p < 0.05$) with increasing levels of HWCPM. Addition of HWCPM to in the diets resulted in some cost savings due to the price differential between the conventional ingredients and the HWCPM. The organ weights expressed as a percentage of the live weights showed that the liver, heart, kidney and spleen as well as the crude   protein digestibility were not ($p > 0.05$) affected by dietary treatments. 



The result of this experiment indicate that HWCPM can be safely added to growing rabbits' diets at levels of up to \mbox{10\,\%} without any adverse effect on the performance of the animals. The use of these products will reduce the cost of production thereby making cheaper animal protein more available for consumption and reduce environment pollution and the attendant risks.      







}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Cassava peels, growing rabbits, hatchery waste, organ weights, performance
\index[key]{Cassava peels}
\index[key]{Growing rabbits}
\index[key]{Hatchery waste}
\index[key]{Organ weights}
\index[key]{Performance}
\end{document}