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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Factors Influencing Rural Household's Livelihood Diversification Options in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria: Implications for Sustainable Food Security},pdfauthor={Adunni Sanni, Cornelius Adebayo},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Censored model, diversification, food security, livelihood, Nigeria},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Factors Influencing Rural Household's Livelihood Diversification Options in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria: Implications for Sustainable Food Security\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Adunni Sanni, Ahmadu Bello University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Institute for Agricultural Research, P.m.b 1044 Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{adsanni@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Adunni Sanni, Cornelius Adebayo}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Ahmadu Bello University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Institute for Agricultural Research, Nigeria}}}
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\index[author]{Sanni, Adunni}
\index[author]{Adebayo, Cornelius}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
While the importance of agriculture to rural household's livelihood cannot be over"=emphasized, farmers depend on diverse portfolio of activities and sources of income to enhance their food security status and general well being. Rural household's livelihood diversification varies reflecting the different assets available to them. Understanding the socio"=economic factors influencing livelihood diversification will provide a better insight to enhance best bet options that will sustain food security status and well being of the people. To accomplish this, 170 households were interviewed in 2009 in three communities in Kaduna State. The data generated were analysed using descriptive statistics and censored regression model of nine regressors. The major source of livelihood of the sampled household was farming, while other options in order of importance were; marketing of farm and non"=farm produce, tailoring, driving commercial car /motorcycle, carpentry, motor mechanics, weaving, blacksmith, sales of firewood, sales of herbs, and building. In addition to farming, about \mbox{81\,\%} of the sampled households were engaged in one form of livelihood diversification or the other. The coefficients of farm size, farm income dependency ratio, membership of cooperative and non"=farm income significantly influenced livelihood diversification at \mbox{1\,\%} level of probability. The intensity of income diversification estimated for the significant variables revealed that they were inelastic. Implying that increase in any of these variables will reduce the probability of participation in livelihood diversification of the censored households by the coefficient of probability of the respective variable.  The intensity of livelihood diversification has elasticity coefficient increase of 13.45 percent for every 100 percent increase in participation in livelihood options. The outcome of this study points to the importance of household income (farm and non"=farm) as salient factors influencing livelihood diversification activities which invariably influence food security status of the household.    }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Censored model, diversification, food security, livelihood, Nigeria
\index[key]{Diversification}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Livelihood}
\index[key]{Nigeria}
\index[key]{Censored model}
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