\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Community Participation in Taking Advantage of Agricultural Micro"=credits for Agricultural Production Improvement: Case Study from Bié Province (Angola)},pdfauthor={Magdalena Divisova, Petra Chaloupkova, Lukas Kalous, Miloslav Petryl, Pavel Trefil},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Agricultural production, Angola, Bié province, micro-credit, participatory approach},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Community Participation in Taking Advantage of Agricultural Micro"=credits for Agricultural Production Improvement: Case Study from Bié Province (Angola)\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Magdalena Divisova, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Kamýcká 129, 16521~Prague, Czech Republic, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{divisovam@its.czu.cz}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Magdalena Divisova$^{1}$, Petra Chaloupkova$^{1}$, Lukas Kalous$^{2}$, Miloslav Petryl$^{3}$, Pavel Trefil$^{4}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech Republic}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech Republic}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Food and Natural Resources, Czech Republic}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Czech Republic}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Divisova, Magdalena}
\index[author]{Chaloupkova, Petra}
\index[author]{Kalous, Lukas}
\index[author]{Petryl, Miloslav}
\index[author]{Trefil, Pavel}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The war consequences are still visible in Bié province (Angola). Although a massive effort in the reconstruction process can be observed, the principal sector --- agriculture --- is even nowadays impeded by several obstacles. Assured food self"=sufficiency and new job opportunities on local level are strong tools for prevention of rural inhabitants´ migration who create \mbox{70\,\%} of Angolan population. The main constraints that small farmers face are identified as following: (i)~mined areas, (ii)~lack of storage, food processing and transport capacities highly influencing final price for consumer, (iii)~diseases, high animal mortality, lack of vaccinations and low quality of seeds,  (iv)~weak consultancy and lack of credits for investment in agriculture.  Based on three years' experience with the development cooperation project ``Consultancy in the area of fish and poultry production in Angola, Bié province'' coordinated by the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague the participatory approach with the principle agricultural micro"=credits was used to support  fifty households in community of Nequilo. Due to lack of high quality seeds, low yields and high competition between human and animal nutrition the project activities included distribution of agri"=inputs. Randomly chosen farmers involved in the experiment were supported by high quality seeds (\textit{e.g.} corn, soya) and agricultural implements. Each family was responsible for the whole production process and after the harvest had to give back \mbox{150\,\%} of provided seeds that were distributed by the project team during the next season. The rest of household production was used in human (animal) nutrition or local market trade.  Applied method reached at large \mbox{92\,\%} returnability of provided agri"=inputs and approved significant interest of community in participatory approach. 



This principle of agricultural micro"=credit supporting local farmers can facilitate entering of micro"=financial institutions on Angolan market that can provide small"=scale financial sources for other income"=generating activities of mainly rural households (incl. vulnerable groups of rural communities, widows, ex"=soldiers).







}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Agricultural production, Angola, Bié province, micro"=credit, participatory approach
\index[key]{Angola}
\index[key]{Bié province}
\index[key]{Agricultural production}
\index[key]{Micro"=credit}
\index[key]{Participatory!approach}
\end{document}