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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Impact of Government Polices on Food Security Indicators in the Gezira Scheme"=sudan: A Multi"=market Analysis   },pdfauthor={Amel Mubarak, Nuha Massoud, Raga Elzaki, Azharia Abd Elbagi Elbushra},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={ food security, budget, multi-market model, producer surplus, self sufficiency},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\begin{document}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Impact of Government Polices on Food Security Indicators in the Gezira Scheme"=sudan: A Multi"=market Analysis   \footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Amel Mubarak, University of Khartoum, Department of Agricultural Economics, Postal Code 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{amelmu@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Amel Mubarak$^{1}$, Nuha Massoud$^{2}$, Raga Elzaki$^{3}$, Azharia Abd Elbagi Elbushra$^{4}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Khartoum, Department of Agricultural Economics, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Khartoum, Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Developement, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of Gezira, Department of Rural Economics and Development, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$University of Juba, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies (CNRES), Sudan}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Mubarak, Amel}
\index[author]{Massoud, Nuha}
\index[author]{Elzaki, Raga}
\index[author]{Elbushra, Azharia Abd Elbagi}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
This study attempts to study and investigate the impact of the government  policy reforms on the level of crop production and trade of the Gezira scheme using multi"=market model. The specific ojectives are to quantify and predict the impact of rehabilitation of Gezira scheme and the government policy towards food and cash crops on food security indicators namely food self"=sufficiency and per capita consumption ,government budget and producer surplus .



The results reveal that the rehabilitation of Gezira scheme that was simulated by increasing yields of all crops by two level (level 1 and level 2) would expected to cause overall gains on both cash and food crops including gain in producers surplus,  government budget and food self"=sufficiency ratio on both scenario using higher and lower yield. 



In the government promotion policy of food self"=sufficiency in wheat, the results indicated that increasing wheat area come at the expense of areas of other crop leading to declining production of cotton, groundnuts and sorghum.The increase in wheat supply as a result of increasing area will increase the percentage contribution of the Gezira scheme to the total food self"=sufficiency ratio for sorghum and wheat but the economy would suffer due to expected losses in producers' welfare and government budget. 



Policy targeting promotion of exports of cotton cash crop would enhance the producers' welfare and the government budget and would result in declined food self sufficiency ratio and percapita food consumption.         



 These results indicate the importance of non"=price factors such as maintenance of infrastructure and improving technology in stimulating production and improving the performance of the scheme, food security and Sudan's economy as a whole.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:}  food security, budget, multi"=market model, producer surplus, self sufficiency
\index[key]{ food security}
\index[key]{Budget}
\index[key]{Multi"=market model}
\index[key]{Producer surplus}
\index[key]{Self sufficiency}
\end{document}