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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Economic Analysis for Understanding the Assignment of Forests and Other Uses of Land in the San Juan La Selva Biological Corridor, Costa Rica},pdfauthor={María Pitacuar},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Biological corridor, land expectation value, opportunity cost, payment for environmental services, profitability, simple betterness, von Thünen},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Economic Analysis for Understanding the Assignment of Forests and Other Uses of Land in the San Juan La Selva Biological Corridor, Costa Rica\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} María Pitacuar, Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Environmental Socioeconomics, Turrialba, Costa Rica, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{pitacuar@catie.ac.cr}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{María Pitacuar}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Environmental Socioeconomics, Costa Rica}}}
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\index[author]{Pitacuar, María}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In order to determine the spatial distribution of forests and other land uses that are developed in the San Juan La Selva, Biological Corridor in Costa Rica, the von Thünen's model was applied, since it demonstrates that the spatial location of land use is a function of transportation cost. Socio"=economic data was collected in the field and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) examined the location and intensity of production activities in the central market. Also, using the land expectation value method (LEV), there was an analysis of forest investment under forest management and alternative uses that compete with this activity such as cultivation of pineapple and banana, forest plantation of \textit{Gmelina arborea} and the beef cattle and dual purpose. Additionally, the simple betterness methods were used to calculate the opportunity cost of having biodiversity environmental services and waive the minimum alternative activity.



The results showed evidence of spatial location of land uses relative to the market. The most intensive land uses as cultivation of pineapple and banana by high transport costs in labour, inputs and outputs are concentrated in the rings around the central market and as the rings are located away from the market uses for the extensive as forest Pentaclethra macroloba - palms y Pentaclethra macroloba - \textit{Carapa guianensis}, because low intensity is used once every 15 years. Also, each ring shares several land uses and not simplistically with a single use, as mentioned by von Thünen's in his theory, being the way it is expressed in the Costa Rican reality theory.



The analysis of economic efficiency of production activities determined that forest management is not profitable and competitive land use with respect to alternative activities such as pineapple, banana, livestock and forest plantations. This low return of forests has shifted to places away from the market, motivated by the high profitability of alternative uses that represent high opportunity cost of the land where the forest is located. Furthermore, the study revealed that the amounts of compensation for environmental services provided by forests are less than the value currently pays FONAFIFO.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Biological corridor, land expectation value, opportunity cost, payment for environmental services, profitability, simple betterness, von Thünen
\index[key]{Biological corridor}
\index[key]{Land!expectation value}
\index[key]{Opportunity cost}
\index[key]{Payment for environmental services}
\index[key]{Profitability}
\index[key]{Simple betterness}
\index[key]{Von Thünen}
\end{document}