\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Impacts of Climate Change on Insect Pests: A Case Study of Effects of High Temperature and Drought Stress on Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella},pdfauthor={Arnolda Musa, Hans-Michael Poehling, Rainer Meyhoefer},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Aleyrodes proletella, climate change, development time, drought stress, extreme temperature},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2010.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Impacts of Climate Change on Insect Pests: A Case Study of Effects of High Temperature and Drought Stress on Cabbage Whitefly Aleyrodes proletella\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Arnolda Musa, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Plant Diseases and Plant Protection, Hannover, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{musa@ipp.uni-hannover.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Arnolda Musa, Hans-Michael Poehling, Rainer Meyhoefer}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Plant Diseases and Plant Protection, Germany}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Musa, Arnolda}
\index[author]{Poehling, Hans-Michael}
\index[author]{Meyhoefer, Rainer}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In the future living conditions for insects will be strongly affected by the global climate change. Climatic changes will directly influence the environment by increasing CO$_{2}$ and temperature levels as well as changing precipitation patterns. In this newly created environment, insect herbivores will face a particularly complex situation not only being affected directly by climate change but also from changes in their food source. It is therefore expected that these changes will affect on the agro"=ecosystem and in particular the development, survival, distribution, migration and dispersal of various insect pest species. As a consequence it is likely that plant protection strategies have to be adapted.  The aim of our experiment was to investigate how daily exposure to high temperatures for 8h (24, 28, 32, 36ºC) coupled with drought stress would affect the life history of the cabbage whitefly \textit{Aleyrodes proletella} (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), one of the most important cabbage pests worldwide in the last years. The experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions in four different climate chambers where half of the plants were drought stressed while the rest were normally watered. Contrary to other studies we found even at the highest temperature more than \mbox{65\,\%} egg hatchability. Development time from egg to adult was shortest if insects were exposed for 8h to 28 or 32°C and increased at 36°C but was not effected by drought stress. Likewise daily exposure for 8h to high temperatures reduced longevity at max. 3-fold for females and 2-fold for males. As a result lifetime fecundity also was lowest at highest temperatures. Both effects were amplified if host plants were under drought stress. Our results indicate that periodic changes in temperatures, like we expect under a changing climate, will have unique effects on life history parameters. Overall the impact of drought stress on insect development seems to be of minor importance, because plants and insect can adapt their behaviour. However further investigation need to be conducted in order to predict the effect of extreme temperatures and drought stress under field conditions.



}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Aleyrodes proletella, climate change, development time, drought stress, extreme temperature
\index[key]{Aleyrodes proletella@\textit{Aleyrodes proletella}}
\index[key]{Climate change}
\index[key]{Development!time}
\index[key]{Drought stress}
\index[key]{Extreme temperature}
\end{document}